JRE only helps to run the code but developement tools like debugger, compiler, JavaDoc etc. So, JDK entails JRE(consisting of JVM + Libraries)and development tools. It is a full-featured development kit that includes development tools to provide an environment to develop Java programs and Java Runtime Environment to execute our program. So, we can deduce that JDK is the key to running and compiling our program. Java Runtime Environment is what enables a Java program to run in any operating system without modification. ![]() It combines the Java code created using JDK with the necessary libraries to run it on a JVM. It has class libraries and other resources which are needed to run a Java program. It comprises browser, JVM, applet supports, and plugins. JRE allows us to run java programs on our computers using Java bytecodes. It is included in the Java development kit. JRE: JRE stands for Java Runtime Environment. It is thus essential to develop and run a java program on our computer. It contains development tools to provide an environment to develop java programs and JRE to execute java programs. It is the whole package entailing compiler, Java Runtime Environment ( JRE), java docs, debuggers etc. JDK: JDK stands for Java Development Kit. It is also platform-dependent and performs many functions, including memory management and security. ![]() It is an essential component of both JDK and JRE. So, the function of JVM is to convert bytecodes into machine code. JVM loads the code, verifies and executes the code. JVM is the one that actually calls the main method present in a java code. In the running phase, JVM then converts the bytecode into machine code. It takes java code as input and converts it into bytecode. The compilation is performed using JAVAC compiler. As we know, Java codes are first compiled into bytecodes.
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